Reflective writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Reflective writing - Essay ExampleIn this paper, I suck up reflected upon my experience of dynamic in two sort out exercises with given situations and time frames the cave rescue activity, and the recruitment exercise activity. I have also discussed how the activities helped me develop as a group member. Background of the report I was knotty in two group exercises in the first exercise that was a cave rescue exercise, in that respect were six group members in total whereas in the second exercise, which was a recruitment exercise activity, in that respect were seven group members. For two exercises, we were given certain characters and certain situations and the exercises were supposed to be executed in a limited time frame. The group members were given a chance to take notes after the outcome of each exercise, using which, they would write the reflective accounts later. Theories butt Burtons Human Needs gravel John Burton argues that denial of the fundamental needs of securit y, equal participation, identity, and recognition of an individual in a group makes the prolonged conflict inevitable. Resolution of such conflicts necessitates the identification of the needs that are not being addressed and restructuring of the roles of the group members in such a way that needs of all are met (Dixit, 2004). Tuckmans police squadwork Theory Tuckman proposed a model that recognizes the fact that groups are not functional or fully-formed when they form. The groups propagate through a passel of defined stages namely forming, storming, norming, and performing, and gradually become designate-focused. The following graph illustrates Tuckmans groupwork theory by covering the link between task focus and group relationships. In any group activity, the optimal productivity is reached after development of the relationships among the group members. The 4 Phases of Tuckmans Teamwork Theory (The Happy Manager, 2012a). STAR Team pretense The STAR team model suggests tha t in order to optimize the groups productivity, the group attraction should place equal emphasis on the development of the group members strengths and the development of good relationships among them. The STAR team model provides content and substance to the situation, conditions, and stages of teamwork as shown in the figure below STAR Team Model (The Happy Manager, 2012b). Analysis One thing that I learnt from the exercises was that there were more conflicts happening in the give-up the ghost than near the end of the exercises. The fundamental reason behind this was that the group members had started to understand one anothers personalities and behaviors and their adaptability had increased. Research in human team performance suggests that experienced teams develop a shared consciousness or shared mental model utilized to coordinate behaviors by anticipating and predicting each others needs and adapting to task demands (Sycara and Sukthankar, 2006, p. 2). All models discussed i n this paper including John Burtons Human Needs Model, Tuckmans Teamwork Theory, and the STAR Team Model commonly emphasize on the development of relationships among the group members as a pre-requisite of achieving optimal productivity in the group exercises, though the development of group members skills as well as their relationships requires time. Coming together is a beginning keeping together is progress working together is success (Henry Ford cited in Zuck, 1997, p. 375). Teamwork helps people understand one another in the best way. By the team we were done with both the exercises, we had not only finished our tasks but had also known one another much remediate than we did before. A very useful learning that I gained in this exercise was how to resolve conflicts. I have learnt that it is primarily ones preferences that determine the extent to which one would be able to execute

Introduction To Undergraduate Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Introduction To Undergraduate Study - Essay lessonIn finding an understanding of this work, the way in which society now views the female form and how it is commercialised for the purposes of selling fashion can be realized. correspond to Bate (2003 22), surrealism is semiotically speaking, a signifying effect, the confusion or a contradiction in a conventional signifier - signified relations in representations and where a importee is p artworkially hidden, where the message appears enigmatic regardless of how it was produced. The art of phantasmagorical picture taking is found where the imagery reveals something more than what is visually available, where the form provides a clue to the intent, rather than a specific and defined point of reference. The shady importance, simplified in order to provide a point of further discussion, within the photographic art that adult male Ray created is in manipulation. Through creating the concept of manipulation in order to create surreali stic work, Man Ray began discoveries that would revolutionize many aspects of the medium of photography.One of the significant ways in which Man Ray created innovation was in the process of development so that different effects could be achieved. According to Miller (1996 75), every error was an opportunity for greater innovation. The process of solarization was actual through a laboratory accident. The great numbers of innovations that he created were then very generously shared within the photography world, thus furthering the advancement of the medium. Man Ray had no respect for his equipment and did not hold to the idea that overpriced equipment changed his process for the better. He believed in using what he had to make the commentary that he desires, thus promoting creative thinking in his process.However, it is the manipulation of the form that had the greatest impact on fashion photography. Man Ray developed a way of elongating the female form, creating a more idealized lo ok. Through techniques that manipulated the image, he created

The Basic Function Of Strategic Management Accounting Essay

The Basic Function Of Strategic vigilance Accounting - Essay ExampleIn terms of capital investment decisions, Tesco Plc should set up to a greater extent grocery outlets in other communities. Based on prior feasibility studies done on a prospective new location, Tesco volition use both investor funds (retained earnings reserved for branch expansions), and long borrowings to finance another big Tesco grocery outlet. In terms of the evaluation of multidivisional companies, Tesco Plc should conduct classify each(prenominal) multi-divisional company as cost and revenue centers. Each company will generate its own financial statements. Thus, the financial statements will indicate the number of a multi-divisional company under Tesco Plc that generates profits. Likewise, the same financial statements will vividly indicate the number of multi-divisional companies generating net losses (Garrison, 2003). The strategic management news report system of Tesco Plc focuses on ascertaining if t he companys final reports conform to international accounting standards.The strategic management accountant of Tesco is a driving force to develop a spherical accounting system is the desire to underwrite securities in any, or all, of the beingnesss capital markets using a single set of financial statements. Currently, the Tesco Stocks are listed in the caudex exchanges. A positive incentive for a capital market to support a global accounting system is the enhancement of its volume of business by being able to participate in underwritings in other capital markets. Reinforcing the positive incentive is the realization that a capital market, which ignores the development of a global accounting system, may find itself with a unique set of accounting standards while the rest of the world relies on a common set of accounting standards. This would lead to an irretrievable loss of business (Brigham & Houston, 2002). Heely (199325) accentuate the globalization of corporate activity, cou pled with

Why NOT to Vote for Mitt Romney Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

why NOT to Vote for Mitt Romney - Research Paper ExampleEarlier on during his career, he abstained to abridge each political positions, but with time as he indulged himself into politics, and it was in 1994 Senate race that he line up himself with the Republican Party. He is also believed to drop changed his position on issues like abortion and stem cell research, also his stance on gay rights etc to a more conservative shift, more so to get hold himself with the Party line. Considering his views on foreign policy, he is an advocate for the American Exceptionalism and is found to have Mormon judgments in this regard, i.e. God has chosen him to carry the task, however, his political beliefs more so reflect the secular ideals of Mormon belief system. Considering his past record and perfor earthly concernce in government as well as in business, there are many reasons why not to voting for Mitt Romney. His track record as a businessman reflects his take on the economy as a whole which may turn unwrap to be disastrous for the U.S, also his fraudulent track records alone are proofs enough speaking for his lineament and charisma. More so, even the conservatives generally in favor of the Republicans are wary of Romney as their Presidential campaigning for his inexperience and paradoxical track record as Governor. For instance, the health care plan posed by his as Governor is similar to the Obamacare one, also the conservatives doubt him for his credibility as he has been found faulting positions on issues like abortion, gun rights, his position over TARP etc. Moreover, on the political look too, his position doesnt seem to be any stronger as he had already done ill in the primaries in South, also the Mormon factor might as well take him down. Thus, the publisher aims at exploring all these perspectives in detail, shedding light on the issue of why not to vote for Romney. Firstly, the most crucial issue for America at this point of time is the economy of the state, and any likely candidate for Presidency should have a strong vision in this regard to deal with the crises. However, Romney is a very weak candidate in this context, as he is known for his success rate for footrace Staples and Dominos, which were running on a huge loan and a low turn-out rate, with an even lower enlist rate (Romney and Tomothy pp 43). America needs a visionary to steer the economy at the right pace, alternatively than someone who has the capability to deliver pizzas and that too, not having an exceptional turnout. Secondly, during his career as a businessman he often has had fraudulent records which he has been managing to deal with using unethical and illegal tactics, thus posing a question mark on his character as a representative for the people of America. Romneys caller Bian Capital has had charges of fraud, and though he was Vice President of the company, still he didnt buy any shares for the company as he was already aware of the financial ris ks, thus he is a man who doesnt even own what he does, owing a country however is even a riskier business. Moreover, he managed to escape the Olympics scandal by paying off huge cheques as donations to various parties involves in the process, thus being another evidence for his bad track record. Moreover, various reports when indicated that he also has a residence in Utah, he never denied the charges though pretended to be ignorant of the fact which clear implies of his intentions to run office from here as well, which he had managed to do illegally as wouldnt have been possible otherwise. Also, he is too inexperienced for holding office as a President as he has often seen making controversial statements and treating government as a

Power and politics strategy planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Power and politics strategy planning - Essay ExampleHence, I would deliberate that the effectiveness of power and politics strategy planning determines the sustainability of an organization. To begin with, a firm follows specific byelaw that coordinates contrastive business activities. Since an organization consists of large number of employees with different cultures and socio-economic backgrounds, it is not practical to frame organizational laws that would execute the personal interests of every employee. For the smooth running of a firm, the company concern mustiness make positive(predicate) that all employees comply with the common rules of the organization. While dealing with this issue, the management employs power in coordinate to produce obedience, discipline, and thereby cohesion within the organization. Power is the conventional tool used by organizations in order to enforce their basic byelaws organizations have been effectively employing this tool for centuries. H owever, the way organizations exert power is highly crucial. When the management applies excessive power all over employees, a feeling of resistance may grow among them. The resistance in turn, would impede the production exhibit and the long term objectives of the organization. ... In other words, business houses must paying attention enough attention to planning power exertion strategies. It is a common fact that employees are pliable to their employers on the ground of fear rather than love. When an employer shows a liberal attitude to his employee, the employee may hesitate to getting even his maximum efforts as the situation does not cause any threat to his employment. On the other hand, the employee go away be more sincere and responsible if the management imposes certain restrictions on him. For instance, many of the IT companies demand their employees to formulate for more than 12 hours. These companies also appoint an efficient supervising team to evaluate the work t hrough with(p) by their employees. Under such circumstances, employees are forced to employ their maximum capabilities. In contrast, if these employees are given over the opportunity for their work options, it will certainly impede companys profitability. Therefore, power is an inevitable atom in the strategic management of an organization. As discussed earlier, the impact of strategic planning would be adverse if this process is not organized properly. The application of power must meet employees basic requirements. When an organization employs power over its employees, the management must ensure that the firm does not hurt employees individual rights and sentiments. Similarly, the firm management must avoid biased decisions while deploying its various powers. It has been identified that legitimacy and uncertainty are two of the essence(predicate) sources of organizational power. In the opinion of Rainey (173), many of the scholars are of the opinion that some thoughtless rules and restrictions imposed on public organizations by external forces such as

H GWA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

H GWA - Research Paper ExampleIt is important to understand the family that these two countries have in an effort to figure out the consequent impact that it has on all other relations that the linked States has. The public policy to uphold through the paper is the labor and workout policy as the linking relationship between the two countries. History and Background The major types of relationships that these two countries circumstances are political, monetary and social. It is also imperative to grasp an understanding of the history between the relationships between the fall in States and mainland chinaware that ages back to the year 1844 when there was the signing of the Treaty of Wanghia. The treaty introduced several rules to regulate their crosstie and gave the join States ability to carry out extended trade relations with China just equivalent other foreign powers1. The relations have existed since then and have brought twain positive and negative do on many countri es around the world either directly or indirectly. Economic Relationship In 1972, the United States received the leeway to invest in mainland China after being banned preferably citing the dangers of the soviet armies. The prolific relations have been the case ever since with the United States getting to an extent of level(p) outsourcing its companies requirements from the country. This has particularly brought up a large drift between the two countries from the fact that the United States claims that China makes wasting disease of that opportunity to create imitative items and consequently portraying the United States wrongly. These allegations have existed over the utmost five years where China takes some of the raw materials that it does not have in its country from the products make in the United States and rather than completing the manufacture of the products, the workers under the labor union seek to use the materials. This has led to both countries imposing strict trade tariffs on various investment sectors. The workers in China engage in the creation of replica products with the same name as the legitimate products and sell them both locally and internationally. Research has shown that the greatest export recipient of the Peoples Republic of China is the European Union. This union is composed of 27 member states with the most influence coming from France. France has been on the receiving end on this issue of counterfeit products manufactured by China2. Given its power, France has great relations with both the United States and China and this issue places it at a poor position in its associations with the United States. French people buy the commodities from China effrontery that the country provides them at a much cheaper rate and the low transport costs provided the proximity to severally other. This has affected Frances economic terms with the United States especially on the case of clothing products and tires that it acquires from China. Th e United States has many times advised France from the purchase of these counterfeit items from the fact that their usage discriminates the legitimate items provided by the United States and affects the economy negatively. France thus often gets into a cold relationship with the United States concerning this and with a continuation of the negligence, it is commons

Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Innovation - Essay ExampleHowever, it is one(a) thing to require a certain applied science and another to implement it in an organisation. Introduction of mod technologies is quite challenging for managers irrespective of the size of an organisation. New technologies require the management to arrange for extensive training, which results in resistance from some quarters. As a manager one will be required to get-go understand how to manage change since the process is stressful and, most often than not, change creates tension in the workplace (Rogers, 2003). This paper aims at using technological determinism to in bounce a manager when introducing surveillance technology in the workplace.Attitude is a critical aspect in the introduction of any kind of technology in the workplace. Employers nowadays are heavily relying on workplace surveillance technologies to assess various issues. charge in this context will include, but not limited to, video monitoring, tracking as sanitary as phone and computer use. Introduction of any technology in the workplace results into some form of transition. It is, therefore, critical for a manager to consult employees through one-on-one interactions or a survey depending on the size of the organisation. Consultations aim at pinpointing problematic areas and concerns which ultimately eases transition to the naked as a jaybird technology. In the process of consultations, it is inseparable for the management to clearly elaborate on the positive differences that the new technology will bring not only to the employees but also the organisation at large (Bijker and Law, 1995).It is, nevertheless, vital to consider the human portion before launching of this surveillance technology. The society, and in this case the employees, will always have certain expectations from this new technology. Employees have previously worked without this new technology and hence need assurances

The Republic Book 8. According to Plato, what are the weaknesses of a Essay - 1

The Republic Book 8. According to Plato, what are the weaknesses of a democracy What do you think of Platos argument - Essay Exampleality of the individuals in the democracy creates a society with several constitutions and erst the democracy is established, there is no requirement to rule or to be ruled. Sophistication is also deemed necessary among the people in the city and tolerance as another chief yet weak typical is only thought to be complete if it is working for the benefit of the majority.The way I see it, Plato presents a rather limited perspective of democracy, following a condition that is absolute on its own and occurs unequal to(p) of adjustments when in fact there is governing constitution to regulate freedom so as to subdue any tendency of its extreme unruly utilization. Prior to initiating propositions, despite most of his reliable philosophical thoughts, Plato could expect considered extending borders for his analysis of the prevailing political system and sit uation in the democratic society and seek ship canal for democracy to maintain balance of liberty and power as well as respect for potentiality of the ruling

Debreifing Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Debreifing - Research Proposal ExampleData backup and ashes documentation had not been intercommunicate (Schmidt, Erek, Kolbe & Zarnekow, 2009). Communication channels in the company were poor thus retrieving information from responsible persons was impossible. Lassiter was finding it very(prenominal) difficult to gain information from Kovecki on the progress and status of the system conversion (Midsouth chamber of commerce, n.d.).A person who clearly understands the roles to be undertaken mustiness head each section/ department. Information technology department had to employ a full- clock time staff with experience in membership organizations and experience on the news report software to ensure full running of the new system. Simon Kovecki was employed but lacked experience in membership organizations and the accounting software. He wasted a couple of months in learning how the organization operates and training himself on how to use the system. All systems must contain docum entation to ensure ease of use (Schmidt, Erek, Kolbe & Zarnekow, 2009). Decision-making role must be well defined to ensure decision pertaining the company is made at the right time immediately. A specific department to avoid role duplication should do purchasing.UNITRACK software is the best since it is stringy and can handle the matters of the MSCC Company even during its growth. The software is user-friendly and cheap. UNITRAK software firm could have been granted chance to install the software and train all the employees as this could have cut cost on training and relieve Kovecki the computer analyst from the training job to handle other system personal matters of the company like interviews. Implementation cost could have been cut off since UNITRAK would have done this complete of charge (Schmidt, Erek, Kolbe & Zarnekow, 2009).Information technology systems are always complex and need expertise to use. Transforming from the old system to new system (target system) is challe nging. Before actual

What impact have successful women made in the U.S. hospitality Thesis

What impact make believe prospered women made in the U.S. hospitality industry as leaders - Thesis ExampleThis paper discusses the impact successful women leaders fork out made in the U.S Hospitality industry especially in the last five years. The paper starts with a brief bill of womens position two decades ago and the changes that took place over the time. The various reasons star to the advancement of women in the hospitality industry and the consequences have been discussed in details. This paper also provides examples of different successful women leaders and organizations who have contributed in the up gradation of the women in this industry. Although women have progressed immensely in the hospitality industry holding mention managerial positions but still there be a a couple of(prenominal) challenges which they are facing today and this has been discussed later on. The paper has been concluded by providing solutions for the existing challenges so as to make the future a better place for women to work in. In 1984, Nora Frenkiel had quoted there is a sugarcoat ceiling in the middle of the ladder leading to the top, and it cannot be seen. But when women run into it they bump their heads and cannot resettlement beyond it without the womens movement. Glass ceiling is a term given by the US establishment in 1970 to define the artificial barriers that restricts a women from taking top managerial jobs (as cited in Dass, A.Singh & R.Singh, 2011). Women have everlastingly been forced to stay behind men in all the industries whether it is business, medicine, politics or hospitality. Although they have been marchland ahead in all the fields but still men continue to hold the find managerial positions. The womens continued struggle to occupy major leadership enjoyments has seen many hurdles and barriers essentially due to the traditional culture and history of hospitality industry. However, the last decade has seen a lot of changes and increment prosp ects for women in this industry. Due to sheer hard work and the inherent qualities a women possesses they have started occupying signalize management roles and positions in many places like restaurants, hotels, catering firms, and resorts among others. Industry experts have predicted that womens role in key positions will continue to rise as hospitality industry is struggling to match its steps with the appendage and demand in this field (Women in hospitality, n.d). In this paper we shall discuss the various factors that have brought a significant impact on the role of women as leaders in the hospitality industry. The principal(prenominal) factors that have broken the glass ceiling has been the change in the perception of people roughly women, the tuition and advancement of women, globalization and advancement of technology, formation of various women coaching institutes, the government and so on. There are many examples of successful women and companies who have helped in bri nging about the change in the post of women in the hospitality industry and set an example for others to follow. Before we discuss about them, a brief history about womens position in the last few decades will help explain what has brought about the changes. If we trace back to history we will find that women have been working alone in the role of defacto leadership such as supervising or managing, a family owned business or performing additional responsibilities in the absence of their bosses (Women in hospitality, n.d). However, there was an upheaval in the US in the 1970s by the feminists. Women fought for their rights to gain importance in work places and the allowance to climb the ladder of key roles in management. The hospitality industry also faced similar drawbacks- there were no female chefs, only few female restaurateurs and women were not even given the opportunity to serve as waiting staffs in fine dining places. There was an era when women were not considered for mana gerial positions and if they attained any such status their pay was much less than men (Les Damed d Escoffier International LDEI, 2011). Although, the beginning

Citizens view on police conduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Citizens view on law breeding - Essay ExampleAn effective civilian precaution ensures that the patrol work force utilise their billet in respect to the law, and the constitutional rights and freedoms of the citizens. Walker explains that there is a analyze board responsible for the direction units in law enforcement agencies. The review board consists of professionals who monitor the law enforcement operations (Walker, 2005). The aras that the oversight agencies focus on include the use of force, personnel issues, and lawsuits against the police departments, policies used in police departments. The special counsel and review focussing acts as mediators between the public and the police departments. Citizen oversight agencies process public complains. The internal personal business unit investigates the complaints. The counsel reviews the internal affairs investigations if they find the public complaints are justified the counsel makes recommendations that are incorporated i nto the policies of law enforcement agencies. According to walker and Andreaz, the recommendations are essential in the transformation of policies in police units. Citizen oversight encourages law enforcement agencies to foster a culture of openness and responsiveness. The special counsel and review commission responsible for citizen oversight publish reports that allows member of the public and media access to information regarding public complaints and the effort make by law enforcement agencies to improve the situation (Walker, 2005). Walker (2005) explains that citizen oversight have time and again shited to come upon their goals. This failure stems from factors such as poor planning, lack of political and financial support. According to walker, the resistance from police departments is a key obstacle in the conquestful implementation of the citizen oversight goals. Walker argues that citizen oversight agencies passion to have a working relationship with law enforcement agen cies and at the akin time, they value their independence and objectivity. The success of citizen oversight agencies requires finding solutions for financial constraints and resistance from police departments. It is important for police administrators to come up with slipway to foster a working relationship with citizen oversight agencies. This move will facilitate the establishment of a valuable accountability system. Law enforcement units that support the role of citizen oversight agencies benefit by gaining the publics confidence (Walker, 2005). The problems that citizen oversight agencies encounter while implementing their goals include financial constraints, unrealistic expectation set by oversight agencies, the poor planning makes it hard for oversight agencies to accomplish their goals. A lack of cooperation between oversight agencies and police departments contributes to an increased deterioration of the publics trust in their police force. Citizen oversight agencies stick to an impartial work attitude where they focus in gathering of neutral facts. It is due to these reasons that agency investigators fail to embrace the outrage and perspective of citizen complaints (Livingston, 2004). Walker describes that citizen oversight agencies focus on delivering the expectations of the members of the public and at the same time, assist police departments fight the issue of misconduct. However, citizen oversight agencies are encouraged to avoid offering a judgement on the allegations. On the other hand, there are police

Early Post Partum Haemorrhage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Early Post Partum Haemorrhage - Essay ExampleShe was having one of the most serious complications of pregnancy known as post-partum hemorrhage(PPH).According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006), hemorrhage, blood clot, high blood pressure, infection, stroke, amnic fluid in the bloodstream and heart muscle disease are the leading causes of pregnancy-related deaths which sums up to 2-3 pregnancy-related deaths each(prenominal) day. Although deaths due to pregnancy complications have dramatically declined during the period of 1900-1982, the number of cases has ceased to show any decrease since then, which raises so much concern for the women of child bearing age. Furthermore, there seem to be a link between a womans race, ethnicity, country of birth, and age and her risk of dying of pregnancy complications. For example, African American women are four quantify as prone to pregnancy-related deaths as white women, and that, women aged 35-39 are cardinal times at greater risk than women aged 20-24 years old. The risk goes up to five times for a woman aged 40 and above. Post-partum hemorrhage accounts for a high 17% of mortality in women, and a case such as this would require a nurse/midwife with the proper fellowship and skills to address the situation and save the mother from an otherwise life-threatening situation. This paper is aimed at exploring the guidelines in the care of early post-partum hemorrhage and the treatments available for such condition.A woman in labor undergoes three varied stages. The first stage is dilatation. It begins with the period of true labor contractions and ends with when the cervix is fully dilated. The first stage is elevate divided into three phases the latent, the active and the transition phases. A regularly perceived uterine contraction tag the beginning of the latent phase. It ends when the rapid dilation of the cervix begins. In the active phase of labor, the cervix dilates

The collapse of HIH (Australian Insurance company) Essay

The founder of HIH (Australian Insurance come with) - Essay ExampleMoreover, analysts were concerned with the increase in the capital adequacy requirements in regard of the insurers. It was basically a proposal by Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) in 2000. (A Chronology of tell Events, n.d) This was followed by selling part of domestic business to German based Allianz at about $ cholecalciferol million. The same year also saw the tumbling of share prices reaching to the lowest ever. Markets blamed the Allianz deal. The future(a) year saw the most heartening part of HIH as it estimated $800 million loss and enters into a short letter of provisional liquidation. Both Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC) and Royal Commission after analyzing the documents finally forced the company to close down its operations which marked the collapse of one of the biggest corporate ruins in Australia. (Kehl, 2001)Many would infer the fact that the sudden demise o f such a huge insurer firm is generally collect to its aggressive business strategies. It has moved on to acquire FAI and within a year or two it has again made a move to sell off its part of business to Allianz. Also other most remarkable part of the story is regarding its subsidiaries. The company recorded to have more than 200 subsidiaries world-wide. This colossal creation of subsidiaries has affected the business as a whole. With such expansion policies and an average of 26% a year of growth, the company struggled hard to find its way through as the market was experiencing enough disceptation especially from its overseas operations in UK and US. (HIH Insurance, 2001) Even one of the prime liquidators of HIH, Mr. McGrath also opined that the FAI Insurances were of no evaluate when HIH bided for $295 million. (Sexton, 2009)The main motive that is to be considered in acquiring FAI Insurance by HIH was to make a authoritative mark in the Australian insurance industry. Theref ore in 1995 the

Reflection paper 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection paper 2 - Assignment ExampleHowever, I need to work to a greater extent on the manner in which I interact with each particular person so that I do not use one size fits all approach. That is why the desired outcome is pore on being able to choose the correct approach to each person. In other words, if I customize the way I deal with a person, I will be able to tot up to the productiveness of the interaction, making it beneficial for all the parties that are involved in it.It was mentioned that genuineness is a odd combination of various factors, verbal, non verbal communication and personal traits. I believe that the above mentioned concept is eventful to social intelligence since it contributes to ones social attractiveness. Indeed, in order to be successful in the society it is oddly important to be able to build a good rapport with other people and this is on the dot what social attractiveness is about. It signals the people around that a person is ready to start productive and tidy relationships which will be effective for all(prenominal) person who is engaged in it. Further more(prenominal), when it comes to leadership, authenticity is important as well since it reinforces the connection between the leader and the followers. In other words, the latter are able to pass the actual person behind the image of a leader. Thus, I am trying to drive more authentic through finding harmony between my words and inner thoughts.The society values authenticity a lot since it means that a person is able to become a worthy parting to the contemporary social environment. Under conditions when there are so many people in the society, every individual should not turn its the grey mass, but become a particular portion of the society which ultimately brings its uniqueness. In addition to that, it is important to know that only people with authenticity should become leaders as they are able to project the right kind of atmosphere and make sure enough tha t the processes in which they are engaged are organized in

Supply and demand and price elasticity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Supply and demand and expenditure elasticity - Essay ExampleThe key words in this definition ar ability and willingness. By ability we mean that the consumer must have enough income or resources to catch the hurts, and by willingness, it simple means that the buyer should want to buy the convergences. Only, if these two conditions are being satisfied, thus a satisfied demand is registered in the market. To be more meaningful, the quantities demanded at each price must related to a specific period- a day, a week, a month. Saying that a consumer wants to buy 10 packets of chocolate at $10/each is useless unless a specific time period is states.The higher up diagram and table reveals a fundamental characteristic of a demand. This characteristics states that as the prices falls, the quantity demanded rises and as price rises, the quantity demanded falls. In short, there is a negative or inverse relationship among the price and quantity demanded. In mathematical terms, there exis ts a negative or inverse relationship between the price and quantity demand, known as the law of demand.The basis behind this law of demand is com... In different words, price is an obstacle hat deters consumers from buying. Similarly, in any specific time period bulk will buy at a low price because it maximizes their diminishing marginal utility. There are two other reasons behind the law of demand. These are income effect and substitution effect. Income effect states that citizenry honor high purchasing power as prices decrease and hence buy more. The substitution effect, on the other hand, states that at a lower price, buyers will substitute what is now a less expensive product for similar products that are more expensive.The relationship between price and quantity demanded for any product offer be expressed as a simple graph, shown above.So, far our discussion of demand is for single and non for a market demand. Market demand is also similar to the concept of individual d emand. It involves add the quantities demanded by all consumers at each of the various possible and this will enable us to move from individual demand to market demand.PRICE FIRST BUYER second BUYER 3RD BUYER totality MARKET DEMAND043310522151012031ST BUYER2ND BUYER3RD BUYERMARKETp P PP + + =Q Q Q QThis was only the integrity side of market and tells us partly about the market condition. The other side of the market consists of people who want to sell the goods to the buyers in order to earn profits. Like demand, supply is a schedule or curve showing the amounts of a

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Essay Example for Free

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers EssayIntroductionPolybrominated diphenyl ethers atomic number 18 the man equipped marrow which atomic number 18 flame up resistant, it is believed virtually the Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers that these chemicals ar added to the plastics as headspring as foam items for consumption with the objective to put in concert them fire defiant. They argon obtained in three major forms PentaBDE, OctaBDE and DecaBDE, among all of these the penta and octaBDE be considered as to a greater extent vicious wherefore the DecaBDE as the PentaBDE and OctaBDE has less(prenominal) bromide which makes them more poisonous. This bind has also narrated the whiles of these mixtures, the experiment establish query of these mixtures shows that they atomic number 18 answerable for various diseases such as tumor of colorful, it may cause cancer in humans and puberty abnormalities are mostly observed. So some of the countries has censor these products completel y and ask the maker to obtain such products which are less deleterious to our surroundings. In this article we drop also discusses the views of mints as well as the alternative which can save future from fire incident and diseases.TBBPA is also a fire subway product which is described as the best alternative which of PBDE as it is inversely the additive- as well as reactive-treated products encompasses to discharge TBBPA along with metabolites into the atmosphere. TBBPA has been calculated in the atmosphere, earth, along with proportionality but is usually non establish in dampen illustration so TBBPA is suppose as the alternative with no harmful set up. So this article is very informative and contains all information regarding to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers these uses and also there harmful effects.Polybrominated Diphenyl EthersThe research shows that every year more than 3,000 peoples are killed in dire incidents, the research also shows that more than 20,000 peoples are injured because of fire incident, these incidents also consequences in material goods reimbursement the loss which United States yearly faces is near $11 billion .It is believed that fire commonness has now start reducing than the precedent 25 years, the priming for the reduction in such incidents is the fire deterrence policies, these policies pee supported the production of flame subnormality chemicals in most of the industrial manufacture.In actuality the occurrence of potentially unnecessary fires which may be because of the flame of electrical paraphernalia in addition to furniture is not observed as much in the United States as it is observed in europium, the reason for this is the higher principles for fortification in opposition to flammability in the United States. Accordingly, the fire retardant does not only saves the life decreased the incident which may croak due to combustion, but they are also responsible for reducing the economic cost of fires. In this ar ticle we urinate did the detailed study of Polybrominated Diphenyl ethers.Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are the man prepared chemicals which are flame resistant, it is experiential that these chemicals are added to the plastics as well as foam items for consumption with the objective to formulationte them fire defiant in supplementary words they are added in plastic and foam product as a force they cannot get burned easily. When Polybrominated diphenyl ethers materialize as the result of amalgamation of analogous chemicals they are tenured as congers.(Polybrominated dipehnyl ethers, September 2004) As the polybrominated diphenyl ethers are sundry in plastic and foam products so it is believed that they can allow for product which can enter in environment and which is considered as the curse for human health.The chemical formula of Polybrominated diphenyl ethers is C.sub.12H (.sub.9-0) Br (.sub.1-10) O, the general chemical formula of PBED shows that the sum of H and Br always be resembling to the 10 it is hypothetical with the objective of these chemicals that they have stumpy urine solubility, it is also experiential that hypothetically PBED deem of 209 congers which are moreover alienated into 10 homolog assemblage mono- to decabromodiphenyl ethers. Most of the commercial mixture have an sightly of 5 pentabromodiphenyl ether (PeBDE), Penta, 8 octabromodiphenyl ether (OBDE), Octa, or 10 decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE), Deca bromines, there are not as much of profit-making products which have the 4 or fewer than 4 bromines in their composition.International junction of pure and applied chemistry IUPAC is the system which is responsible for numbering the PBEDs, It is observed that deca has the largest production the chemical harmony of the marketable Deca mixture is first and foremost ( 97%) DBDE (BDE-209) along with a small amount of nonabrominated diphenyl ethers NBDEs in addition to OBDEs, in the same way penta is utilize principally in North Ame rica spell on the other hand octa has comparatively small hand in commercial product.The commercial mixtures of octa and penta are considered as more complex than the deca mixture it is believed that Octa mixture chiefly comprised of just about 10-12% hexabrominated diphenyl ethers and the formula is (HxBDEs), 44 percent of heptabrominated diphenyl ethers (HpBDEs) and 31-35 percent of OBDEs furthermore 10-11 percent of NBDEs, and less than 1 percent of DBDE is found. Now if we look for the composition of commercial Penta mixtures shows variability but generally the mixture contains 24-38 percent tetrabromodiphenyl ethers (TBDEs), 40-60 percent PeBDEs and 4-8 percent HxBDEs. (Birnbaum, Linda S. Cohen Hubal, Elaine A, 11/1/2006).The polybrominated diphenyl ethers are also contributing to environment, it is believed that during the manufacturing do by of PBEDs they enter in water and water soil it is believed about PBEDs that they can get humiliate without difficulty by sunlight, the y are not dissolved in water but the small particles of PBEDs settle mound at the bottom of river or lakes. Some of the PBEDs also pick up in fish relatively in low concentration other than every of PBED does not have this quality to mount up in fishes.If we talk about the ecological prototype of PBDEs within the beam show a discrepancy from the prototype in the soil, residue as well as mud. PBDEs strappingly dip up to these surrounding substances, and the congener prototype has a pr scattersity to replicate those in the commercial assortment, excluding in mud. It has been newly accounted that PBDE attentiveness in manure mud in the United States is as elevated as 33 mg/kg furthermore be a sign of the congener composition piss in polyurethane spume. In disparity, point basis liberating DBDE enclose resulted in residue by instrument of very high concentrations such as 5 mg/kg.The carriage of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environment is considered as the threat for human he alth now incomplete assessments on the environmental effects of PBDEs have been conducted. It is considered that the humiliate brominated mixtures are more contaminated than the higher brominated mixtures. PentaBDE is more contaminated as compare to OBDE, while on other hand DBDE is in actual fact non-hazardous to invertebrates but still the presence of PBED in environment is responsible for some(prenominal) diseases in human beings. The survey shows that both adults and children are exposed to PBED equally. It is believed that children are open to the elements of the PBED by means of contaminated foods for the reason that PBDEs voluntarily liquefy in the fats.The particles of PBED can also gain in mothers milk which is transport in adolescent children which leads to the diseases such as thyroid and neurobehavioral alternations. While talking about the effects of PBED on adults so it is believed that it may cause cancer in adults but this fact is not sure as the experiment whic h was performed on rats and mice by giving them the food which contains decabromodiphenyl ether one type of PBDE, they eat this for their whole lives and the tumor in their livers is observed because of the continuous presence of decabromodiphenyl ether in their food. (Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, September 2004).It is observed to go up out the toxicity effects on mammal the studies have been demeanor mutually in rats and mice. (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2006) The most widespread data set continue livelihood for DBDE, with the studies variety from sensitive to continual laboratory studies. Diminutive information is present for effects of PBDE on generative systems. DE-71, is a commercial penta assortment, DE-71 was examined by the Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program. The reason for this program was to study the staminate as well as female level 1 pubescent code of behavior in tell apart to identify thyroid vigorous agents.The study shows that in male rats it caused a hindranc e in procreative growth which was further confirmed by a delay in puberty as well as it causes a decrease in ventral prostate furthermore seminal vesicle weights at the high demigod 60 mg/kg. (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2006) This abnormality was caused by discredit in T4 and T3 and by the accession in TSH level, this has also showed the effects on the liver by means of gain in liver weight and EROD, pentoxyresorufin O deethylase PROD, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UDPGT . These inferences propose a 5- daytime LOEL of 30 mg/kg per day in addition to 31 days LOEL of 3 mg/kg per day in male rats rear was based on the decreases in the level of T4. While if we discussed its effects on female rats then it shows DE-71 is responsible for a impediment in the beginning of puberty. It also decreases the T4 in female rats, increased their liver size of it furthermore it is also responsible for the bringing on of liver enzymes. After this experimental based study it can be cogitate that pres ence of PBED in an environment is supposed as the cistron which can delay the puberty stage and this fact not only considered for rats and mice but for all of the mammals.PBDEs are also been considered for the cause of other endocrine disrupting possessions. By making use of an in vitro model the effects on endocrine disrupting possessions are studied, this model verified that hydroxyl PBDEs are suppose to slow down estrogen sulfotransferase, which is further leaded to cause an apparent estrogenic consequence. If PBDEs have any estrogenic use in vivo has to be examined. (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2006) Furthermore, a number of PBDE congeners, which are not supposed to be environmentally appropriate, have near to the ground semblance for the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah dioxin) receptor, except the fact that they are not capable to persuade dioxin answer in an element fastening. It was also observed that frequent revelation of rats to DE-71 which is a commercial penta mixture, also resulted i n initiation of EROD commotion, a characteristic reaction to Ah receptor commencement. (Birnbaum and Staskal, 2006).Now the question arise in everyones mind that how to secure their lives from this dangerous mixture, the specialist have given a small number of advices by the application of these advices the risk of syndrome in human being by PBED can be reduced. It is believed that in influence to save children who lives near the Hazard area can save from the effects of PBED if they are not allowed to hoyden near the sites where PBED is produces, they should also be dampen from eating dirt products and parents should ask their children to wash their repeatedly. One more question which the peoples frequently ask to the experts that is their any way to find out whether the PBED is present in our personate or not?It is believed that presence of PBED in tissues, breast milk, system fat and blood can be tested but the type of PBED presented in the human organic structure cannot be determined by the test. The advices which are given to working class in the PBED manufacturing companies is to take shower before going back to their, They are also advised to change their clothes and the experts also advised them to make separated laundries for their working clothes. If the people will keep following the advices designed by actors the chances of diseases because of this hazardous mixture PBED are supposed to reduce (Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, September 2004).The restrictions in Manufacture of PBEDIt is observed that in few states of America the manufacture of PentaBDE and OctaBDE has totally be restricted, the environment protection agencies has notify all the manufacturers of United States to take permission before initiating the process of PentaBDE and OctaBDE manufacture, they have set same legal formalities for importing these mixtures among other States but in the case of DecaBDE the manufacturing process and importing is not banned yet. Same is considere d for Canada almost all of the states of Canada have banned the production of these mixtures. The Europe Union has banned on marketing and making use of these ii mixtures but DecaBDE is not banned by Europe Union even as it does not contain hazardous compounds like PentaBDE and OctaBDE.Although these mixtures are needed for saving from fire incident but they effecting environment by releasing hazardous substance for that reason they are banned, so it is advised to manufacturer to find better and good alternate of these two mixtures for healthy as well as secure tomorrow. It is believe of the peoples that the harmful effects of these mixtures are the threat for human lives so the government should take further steps and they should banned manufacturing of these mixtures not only in one state but all over the world. (Canada Cancer Society, 11 April, 2007).Tetrabromobisphenol ATBBPA is also a fire resistance product it is hypothetical as the largest part of BFR which is widely used. N otwithstanding TBBPAs imprudent possessions, mutually the additive- as well as reactive-treated products encompass to discharge TBBPA along with metabolites into the atmosphere. TBBPA has been calculated in the atmosphere, earth, along with residue but is commonly not establish in dampen illustration. It is believed that there are very less numbers of laboratory which makes studies and are examining the metabolism of TBBPA.However the research shows that two sensitive, high dose studies in rats have resulted that unmetabolized TBBPA is quickly excreted in the feces after each single exposure it was observed that the extreme attentiveness of 14C-TBBPA contained by the first hour in all of the body tissues highest concentrations was absorbed in the fat, which includes the body part such as the liver, sciatic nerve, muscles, along with adrenals. additionally, the studies shows that there were a low percentage of the TBBPA dose was maintain in fatty tissue that is 3-6 percent and muscl es 11-14 percent when the 72 hours has passed, which put it to an important person that TBBPA, or a metabolite, has the potential to bioaccumulation with frequent exposure. (Linda, Birnbaum and Danielle, 2006)As the hazardous compounds are easily removed from the body so the experiment proved that TBBPA is not considered as destructive as it can be used as the alternate of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. The Government has also not banned the manufacturing of TBBPA (Linda, Birnbaum and Danielle, 2006).ConclusionPolybrominated Diphenyl Ethers are the fire resistance mixture which is used in plastic products as well as the foams to resist them from combustion. The studies were mutually make on rats and mice in order to know the facts about these poisonous mixtures, the studies shows that these mixtures are considered as the responsible for numerous diseases, the mixtures causes many tumor in liver rat when they were added continuously in the rats food, similarly they are considered a s the reason for puberty abnormalities, This abnormality was foundation by reduce in T4 and T3 and by the increase in TSH level, this has also showed the effects on the liver by means of gain in liver weight and EROD, pentoxyresorufin O deethylase PROD, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UDPGT . These inferences propose a 5-day LOEL of 30 mg/kg per day in addition to 31 days LOEL of 3 mg/kg per day in male rats foundation was based on the decreases in the level of T4. While if we discussed its effects on female rats then it shows DE-71 is responsible for a impediment in the beginning of puberty. It also decreases the T4 in female rats, increased their liver size furthermore it is also responsible for puberty abnormalities. Among PentaBDE, OctaBDE and DecaBDE, the PentaBDE and OctaBDE are considered more poisonous than DecaBDE. So this article concluded that fire resisting product are needed to secure society but as they have many harmful effects to human health therefore these products has been banned by United States, Canada and Europe Union. So this article conveys the message that the production of these products should not be stopped completely but the manufacturer should find improved unconventional so the threat to human health can be decrease.ReferencesPolybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, retrieved from, http//www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts68-pbde.html.Linda S. Birnbaum and Danielle F. Staskal, 1/11/2006, Brominated Flame Retardants retrieved from http//www.ehponline.org/members/2003/6559/6559.html.Birnbaum, Linda S. Cohen Hubal, Elaine A, 11/1/2006, Polybrominated Diphenyl ethers a case study, retrieved from http//www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-160532390.html.Canadian Cancer society, 11 April 2007, retrieved from http//www.cancer.ca/ccs/ net income/standard/0,3182,3172_1438644643__langId-en,00.html.

The Great Depression Essay Example for Free

The corking effect studyA season of great hardship came to the people of Australia from 1929 to 1932. This sentence was known as the Great low gear were the economy of the state drops. Australia is not the only nation affected and many an(prenominal) other nations as well. However, Australia is utter to have been one of the more or less affect and hardest-hit country due to its high dependence on exportations.Australias dependence o n the world mart left her extraordinarily vulnerable to world market fluctuations (Spenceley, p. 14). Since the Great Depression was a conviction of crisis not only for Australia but for the whole world, Australia was affected great than other nations. As a result, more and more people loss their jobs. By that time, even the women and spring chicken tried to find ways to earn money. It was a time of hardship, hunger and conflict.Even before the time of the Great depression unemployment rate in Australia is high reaching around 10%. At the time the stock market crash at Wall Street in October 1929, the unemployment rate rocketed reaching 20%. The unemployment rate reaches its peak in the year 1932 were 32% Australians were jobless (culture.gov.au, n.d.). It is said that the fall on export prices, sales, overseas loans and residential construction lead to the Great Depression. Still, economist is debating on the ultimate cause that triggered the event.The Great Depression created a devastating effect on the Australian economy. This also led to many ill-gotten or rather unusual ways of making money including gambling and prostitution. Even the minors, man or woman take part in making money. Mostly young men were involved in small gambling and young women in amateur prostitution. Education was also greatly affected since most children were forced to leave school at the age of thirteen or fourteen.The time of the Great Depression was hard particularly for working women since they are required to do the house chores with their exhausted body. Job was easier that time for young workers but it was short lived, until they reach the age of sixteen to twenty one. During those times, the abilities of the government were questioned by many Australian citizens and many organizations gained popularity through their acts showing their dissatisfaction to the government.In order to bring new investment, the country relied intemperately on borrowing money from different countries and the monetary policy of the country was controlled by privately have banks. The government also had to sell off gold reserves whenever the banks refuse to extend the overdrafts of the country. Still, unemployment continued to ontogenesis as the government instituted employment projects.Until now, many factors that triggered the Great Depression that is present. Thus, those hard times are not just in vain since we, the new generation, were able to learn from the past and incorporate the steps that our forefathers apply during those hard times. Today, in cases of crisis and unemployment due to the fall of companys we go back to the basic conclusion for working, just as in the time of the Great Depression, to provide food and necessities for our family.ReferenceSpenceley, G. (1981). The Depression Decade. doubting Thomas Nelson, Australia.The Great Depression (n.d). Available online from culture.gov.au

Developments in the Last Century Essay Example for Free

Developments in the Last Century EssayIn detail this paper allow for show how the media played an important role in the culture today. It will answer the questions What were the major studys in the evolution of mass media in the goal century? It will also ask How did each development influence Ameri advise culture? And What is ment by the term media convergence and how it affected everyday life?How we view mass media conveys in several(predicate) ways such as television (24 -hour give-and-take channels,) (hoarders to fashion models,) (music videos, genius documentaries, and reality shows). With videos on demand provided by the local cable comp whatever plus online decanting or down loading. Media literacy on one hand, is the growth of the internet as the primary in frameation source exposes the globe to increased levels of text, thereby increasing the level of literacy.What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media in the last century? The three major developments in the last century were (print, galvanic, and digital). In terms of print media books ar durable and contain a large amount of reading. Books atomic number 18 expensive to produce. As for word of honor papers they are cheaper and can be made quickly. In the 1800 hundreds the newspaper faced a new threat called penny press. These papers were cheaper than the regular newspapers. The penny press also printed more(prenominal) of murder and scandal rather than of the political news of the day.Another form of mass media is the radio. receiving set was not that expensive less than television and more available. Radio gave the people the opportunity to listen to a live event at the same time. Specifically the radio was made for advertising. Radio accessed a large audience. Radio also made listening in the silence of ones own home to be pleasure seeking and curious. With radio one can listen to a trading floor and imagine in ones own head how the story plays out, thus creating imagination.Television is another form of mass media. The television was invented in 1923. Broadcast television was the most dominant form of mass media. By 1946 more than 17,000 televisions existed. There were at the time only three major networks, they defendled more than 90% of the news programs. By the 1960s television televised the conflict of the Vietnam war. The wire is part of the mass media seen also. Any part of information received via radio, television, newspaper, and Internet have been considered to be mass media. In todays society more people ply to receive their news and other information via the Internet.How did each development influence American culture? individually development influenced the American culture in many ways. The way we receive the news is very different today. Newspapers came a long way from just black and white to color. Before anything what we had was newspaper that is how one would develop the facts regarding what is going on in th e world. With newspaper they do not get to see the vast breeze of colors as television. The newspaper made people want to read what was written. For the television world was more in tuned to todays society.Television has the ocular aspect and as for the news per say the electronic media has come extensive circle from radio to television. For print people did not have to rely on teachers, preachers, or story tellers. They were allowed to read what was published and interpret it how they seen it. The telegraph led to radio, facsimile machine, and phones. Instant communication is how print and electrical mass media influenced America. They are able to put more information out there along with visual aspects .What is ment by the term media convergence and how it affected everyday life? Media convergence is the merging of all the applied science together. A merger of mass media. It affects us in many ways such as fax machines and e-mail. We as humans no longer have to hand write a garner any more when we have e-mail. We went from writing letters by hand to typing them on a typecast writer to writing an e-mail on computers to texting on phones. With the simple click of a button the letter is sent through millions of power lines to get to the person it is intended for. Media convergence is a link in the midst of old and new technologies. They come together to share the same tasks and resources.There are five kinds of convergences they are Economic, Organic, ethnical, Global, and Technological. a) Economic involves such things as internet, phone, and cable regarding the provider one chose for these services. b) Organic occurs when one can stream video listen to music and text a friend all at the same time. c) Cultural occurs when a person turns a book into a movie, film, and even toys such as Spiderman. d) Global occurs when the carry through of geographically distance cultures influencing one another despite the distance that physically separates them. e) Te chnological occurs when the merging of technologies come together, such as the ability to watch television shows online on sites like crackle.Conclusion In end point the media has changed in many ways, such as how one receives the news and communicates with one another. We have gone from the telegraph to radio, television, phones, and computers regarding how we receive information. It is completely up to the individual how one use the various forms of media technologies out there today. However, a few things have stayed the same major media companies own popular media content sites such as Hulu, and YouTube and control access to a great deal of online information. Perhaps the standards for literacy will shift to an emphasis on relaxation and directness.

Library System Essay Example for Free

depository library system of rules EssayIn progress countries, where the Computerized Library System is a mature technology, break-dancements are the area of resource sharing and globalisation of teaching Access. In much(prenominal) a scenario, the role of the librarian is no longer to make usable the most suitable curbs or editorial or facts accessible within the library but to test out the information inf in allible by the user from any library. The recent advancement in Information Technologies and schema has start out the key concerns of librarian and libraries. Libraries take in to develop their resources access, analyse the need of their users and seek to develop resources to meet this needs. As a learning and knowledge organization, schools should empower their libraries to develop the appropriate tools in move with the growing library trends and standards. The Jesus is Lord Christian shallows Library System is a Manual System, which book bindings manual t ransactions inside the library, such as acceptance, fruiting, and recording of the books and the registration of the parvenu borrowers. The system volition help the librarian to closely monitor the condition of the library.This system is also design to induce up e very(prenominal) transaction inside the library. The main objective of the proposed system is to increase the efficiency and trade protection of record keeping of the school. The system volition also generate reports that are needed in supervise the library. The proposed system is design with security to protect sensitive files from unauthorized access. Only authorized users basin befool an access to confidential files. The security of files is achieved through the use of Username and Password for identification and au then(prenominal)tication of the user.The proposed Computerized Library System of Jesus is Lord Christian School go forth improve and speed up library transactions. 1. 0 INTRODUCTION The Computeriz ed Library System is an Integrated System that consists of library operating components such as Cataloguing, Searching, Adding, Editing, and Deleting books and periodicals information. individually component supports a user-friendly interface that makes it extremely accessible to librarians and students a interchangeable. The software is also design with portability in mind, so that it would be available to a wide variety of computer architecture.Library is a empower where the collections of books are kept. A library operates routinely with cognise set of customer, it also operates on impartation. When the client walks into the library, we expect that they provide get the material or information that they need. The library in return, expects that the client go out return the items within the specified espousal time. As al ports, the role of the library and librarians is to help manage the effective talking to of library operate. This has been traditionally anchored on the ma nagement of the catalogue and physical collection.Librarians are trained to be full in Information Searching, Selecting, and Organizing. outrightadays, in a highly technological society, human productivity is do more efficient through the development of the electronic gadgets and machine. The advent of such modernization in education, one way to globalize the process of research is to appreciate that technology is advancing in a dramatic increase. Now in our modern society, technology is the most important advancement which brings necessity to progress us on to the computerized world. These make mans life easier and more convenient.1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1. 2. 1 prevalent problem How to design, develop, and implement a Computerized Library System for Jesus is Lord Christian School to change magnitude their time in introduce of records, storage of numerous paperworks and manual filing of forms. 1. 2. 2 specialized Problems * The current acquisition and cataloguing pro cess of Jesus is Lord Christian School Library is time down and devoted to errors due to the get manual operations. * The traditional use of indite and typriter for acquisition and cataloguing are prone to erasures.* The library reports and inventory are very tedious and it takes a month to be completed because it is manually done * The library reports and inventories are state to be tedious because of manual book counting, itemizationing of newly books, and administrative reports. * The process of lending and go of books user consumes minutes of manpower due to the manual tracking and processing of students, employee and book records. * The Jesus is Lord Christian School Library rounds manually perform the borrowing and returning of books, and it takes several minutes to complete a single process.* Tracking of overdue books is difficult and this prolongs the returning process as advantageously as the imposing of penalties. * The calculation and imposing of imposing of pen alties as well as tracking of overdue books are manually performed, this results to lack of books monitoring 1. 3 OBJECTIVES OF THE write up 1. 3. 1 General Objective This study aims to design, develop, and implement a Computerized Library System for Jesus is Lord Christian School that will store information and track the records of books and its borrowers, and letd library reports and inventories of the schools library.1. 3. 2 particularized Objectives * To produce an efficient book acquisition process this will be useful during cataloguing. * To produce a means of tracking overdue books useful in imposing penalties whenever necessary. * To produce library reports and inventories deal Administrative Reports that would be available whenever needed. * To be able to monitor all borrowed and returned books. * To be able to monitor the circulation of books. * To post a facility that will handle library transactions efficiently and accurately. 1. 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 1. 4.1 T he Librarians A Computerized Library System is a tool that can be used by the school librarian in storing and retrieving information such as the books information and the borrowers information in array to make every transaction faster. A Computerized Library System can have a great help for the librarian of Jesus is Lord Christian School because the effect of students enrolled there increases very year thus, the job of the librarian becomes more difficult and complicated because it is very hard for them to monitor ample number of students who want to borrow books.The study will help the librarian solve the problems regarding its transactions like the computing of penalties for the woebegone borrowers and maintaining of books in the library so that the job of the librarian will be lessened. 1. 4. 2 Students and Faculty Members This study will help the students and the faculty members in borrowing books because this system will mop uper up them a categorization system so that th ey can search a specific book in the library in a much convenient way. 1. 4. 3 The School AdministratorOur proposed system will generate reports needed by the school admin like the angle of books in the library, list of delinquent borrowers, list of new books and list of damage books. 1. 4. 4 Assistant Librarian In case of librarian is not in the library, the assistant librarian can also access the proposed system. However, there are only sealed process that the assistant library can operate. 1. 5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The system will only rivet on books and periodicals. It will not include the library budgets.The inventory of equipment and audio visual materials in indian lodge for the system to be concrete and specific. The proposed library system will not be networked in order to reduce complexity on the part of the proponent. The system will also include the File bread and butter of the books wherein they can add, edit, delete all the necessary information if needed. This w ill also help the librarian in the monitoring of books in the library because all the books information will be stored in a database. This will make it much easier for the librarian to update the books in the library.Back-up and Restoration of the database is also included in the system. We will provide a module that will back-up all the information in the database when the system is turn off and will restore if the main database is corrupted. In this process, the run a risk of losing some information in the library will be minimized. The calculation of penalties for overdue books is done with the use of an efficient books transaction process. The report generation such as readymade listings for manual book counting, listing of new books, discarded books and Administrative reports will be comfortably done.All of the information will be stored in the database so that the borrowing and returning of books can slow be monitored by the Librarian. The system will also provide the autom atic computation of penalisation for the delinquent borrowers depending on the number of days overdue, in this case the librarian does not need to compute penalty in a manual process and the possible wrong computation will be lessen. Generating of reports will also be provided by the system like the list of books in the library, list of new books, list of damaged books, and the list of delinquent borrower.The system will not include the purchasing of new books or any additional equipment in the library like desks, electric fan, chairs, book shelves and other materials. 2. 0 methodology OF THE STUDY (Software Engineering Paradigm) The Spiral Model The whorled assume combines the idea of iterative development (prototyping) with the systematic, controlled aspects of the falls model. It allows for incremental releases of the product, or incremental refinement through each time around the whirl. The spiral model also explicitly includes risk management within software development.Id entifying major risks, both technical and managerial, and find how to lessen the risk helps keep the software development process under control. The spiral model is underfur on continuous refinement of key products for requirements definition and analysis, system and software design, and implementation. At each loop topology around the cycle, the products are extensions of an earlier product. This model uses many of the same phases as the waterfall model, in essentially the same order, separated by planning, risk assessment, and the building of prototypes and simulations.Documents are produced when they are required, and the content reflects the information necessary at that point in the process. All documents will not be created at the beginning of the process, nor all at the end (hopefully). Like the product they define, the documents are works in progress. The idea is to have a continuous stream of products produced and available for user review. The spiral lifecycle model a llows for elements of the product to be added in when they become available or known. This assures that there is no conflict with previous requirements and design.This method is consistent with approaches that have duple software builds and releases and allows for making an orderly transition to a maintenance activity. Another positive aspect is that the spiral model forces early user involvement in the system development effort. For projects with heavy user interfacing, such as user application programs or instrument interface applications, such involvement is helpful. Starting at the center, each turn around the spiral goes through several task regions .* Determine the objectives, alternatives, and constraints on the new iteration. * Evaluate alternatives and identify and resolve risk issues. * Develop and verify the product for this iteration. * Plan the next iteration. abide by that the requirements activity takes place in multiple sections and in multiple iterations, just as planning and risk analysis occur in multiple places. Final design, implementation, integration, and test occur in iteration 4. The spiral can be repeated multiple times for multiple builds.Using this method of development, some functionality can be delivered to the user faster than the waterfall method. The spiral method also helps manage risk and doubtfulness by allowing multiple decision points and by explicitly admitting that all of anything cannot be known before the resultant activity starts 3. 0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Computerized Library System in the Philippines have co-ordinated library system namely, UP Don Bosco Technical College (develop in house), Ateneo Professional Schools (develop in house).Thomas Jefferson cultural Center (Date Trek), International Institute (Iunopac), Asian Development Bank (VTLS), International Rice Research combine use micro-CDs/ISIS, INMAGIC or BIBASE to create their electronic catalogs and/or advocatores and produce catalog/cards or book catalog indexes. The theological libraries also use BIBASE for their circulation system. UP Computerized Library System is develop in aiming to produce a full pledge computerized library system that supports all necessary components to suit library tasks. separately components work conjunction with each other to produce an automated library system. The team aims to provide a really good GUI for ease of access on part of the user. The proposed system will cover the monitoring of books and borrowers. Computing penalty for overdue available generating a card catalog for searching a particular books, its title, subject and author. The difference of this system to our proposed system is we will convert the current system of the said school from manual system into computerized library system for faster searching of records.The library functions of the benefits of the students, teachers as if bring out the patrons with a wealth of information, found in books, periodic and electronic sources, economic aid is given with teams papers factual information. Leisure reading materials and any other library related activities. This chapter reviews literature and studies that the researchers considered relevant to the record study. The school library is one of the most common studied division of educational institutions.Not a few specialist in the teaching enterprise have devoted their attention and focus their interrogation into the system management and problems of the library as a learning resource center. there is the only need to gear up current awareness services, but also to initiate new services with the assistance the new services technologies, so that total library operation and service can be modernized. There remains much to be done as the image of the university libraries directly linked with the quality of services it provide to its rising users of device requirements. FEST 1994.In completion of the study, the proponents made use of different books. Th ey also made use of the response of the direct inquiries from interviews. These are big factors in the generation of ideas. Library classifications have been curiously defined as systematic arrangement by subjects of books and other material on shelves and catalogue and index entries and manner which is most useful for those who read or who seek definite piece of information. University of Santo Tomas can be considered as the oldest university in the country. The first seeds were planted when the founders, Fr.Miguel de Benavides and Fr. Diego Soria, donated their private collections. Through the history of the university other Dominicans contributed books that they thought were native in education for the priesthood. This explains why the oldest books in the collections are related in the philosophy, theology or law. As new faculties were opened in the university books were added. All these constitute a precious collection of rare books whimsical in the Philippines. The library w as house at the university quarters in the old city of Intramuros for three coke years.When the university expandedits campus outside the walls, the collection were also transferred. When the main building constructed, the library was allotted of room at ground horizontal surface. Its collection increased with the opening of new courses, the library grew to occuy one whole wing of the ground floor of this building and other rooms in the different building JOAQ 2004. In 1985, the long waited dream of the easy lay building for the library finally materialized, and on October 29, 1989 the UST Central Library Buildings was inaugurated. JOAQ 2004.Until 1985 the books in the library were classified fit in to the old method of classification called the fixed system. In 1927, the university adopted another method classification known as the Dewey Decimal System. 4. 0 DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM The Jesus is Lord Christian School uses manual type of operation in managing library tr ansactions. Several procedures are included in use all the necessary information of books, students, faculty member as well as the card catalogue. Library transactions like borrowing, returning, cataloguing and reserving are being done manually by the librarian of staff.The librarian uses pen and library master card file in recording all the transactions with regards to the books concern. Usually the library card for the faculty and none teaching staff is bigger compared to that of students and it is kept inside the library. In borrowing of books the library practices open shelves policy. Most of the time the student/faculty come in the library to shoot research and reading, if the said clients wants to borrow the books, they will ask the librarian if they can borrow the books.For students, they will amaze their library card to the librarian, and then the librarian will record the compulsory information needed like the due date into the library card. The student will sign in the books card. On borrowing, the library proficient a one to three policy. The Students as well as The Faculty can only be allowed to borrow three books at a time. In returning, the students or even the faculty will present the books borrowed, then the librarian will look the master card file of the students and sign it.If the books is returned on its due date, the library card will be simply returned to the students. In case the book was not returned on time, the students will be charged a fine of five pesos per day. The amount of penalty depends on the number of days the student failed to return the books. In the case of faculty and staff, they will simply present the books to the librarian, then the librarian will look for the library card of the faculty and staff in the faculty and staff card file and sign on it. The faculty and staff are exempted from the penalty.

Strategy Assesments Essay Example for Free

Strategy Assesments EssayA run along dodge is managements action at law plan for running the business and conducting operations. (Thompson et al, 2007, p.3). Strategy is a plan-sort of consciously moot course of action, guidelines (or set of guidelines) to destiny with the situation. Mintzberg, (1996). According Sanjiv and Stuart, system represents managerial commitment to pursue a particular set of actions in increase the business, attracting and pleasing customers, competing succeederfully, conducting operations and improving the confederations per fixance. The concept of schema has been debating issue on our B301 TGF employment 1. 2 to assess the strategical views of two leaders namely Sanjiv Ahuja and Stuart Grief. Both views involve the specification of long-run goals that add value to the system of rules and propel it to be fitting to cope with the changing environment. As a practice, it consists of adopting courses of action and allocating resources in ways necessary for carrying out the overall objectives. (Niekerk, C. 2014) post on TGF recommends that system is a common theme that runs through both (Stuart and Sanjiv) is that system is important for all employees to have a awareness of purpose and direction, thereby corrupting into the troupes goals and contributing to theoverall success of the organization Sanjiv and Stuart both acknowledge this sinewy of scheme in the running of business. However they do differ on the implementation, matched advantages, sustainability and gaining commercialise go under touch. avant-garde Niekerk, C. (2014) posting touched on both views subscribing to some of Mintzebergs 5ps sits of dodge. Their differences demonstrate the complexity of strategy, how managements intends to grow the business, how it pass on build a loyal clientele, outcompete rivals and putting together make-ups of cross sacred scripture puzzle of divergent business units. In agreement with Jordan, W and Uys, R touc hing on the strategy flexibility, Stuart and Sanjiv if were to change industries so is there strategy is pr cardinal to change to suit the new environment. On the same none Grieshaber, D. (2014) has noted similar stemma make by OSullivan and Wright (2009) to describe strategy as complex and negotiable with no one size fits all definition. Both Sanjiv and Stuart acknowledge that businesses or organizations are compelled to make dramatic changes and improvements not entirely to compete and prosper but also merely to survive. Thompson et al point out that both company must be willing and ready to modify its strategy in response to changing commercialize conditions, advancing applied science, the fresh moves of competitors, shifting buyers inevitably and p cites and emerging market place opportunities. olibanum to say a company strategy is always a work in progress.They both emphasize the importance of communication in the implementation of strategy. Sanjiv puts preparation a t the centre of strategic implementation. Sanjivs prescriptive approach regards strategy as a systematized and deterministic process where depth psychology of business performance leads to the formation of a strategic plan. He argues leaders should be in charge in refining the final objective and plan piece of tail be put into action through successive layers of the organization. Sanjiv claims that leaders should set the goals, set the strategy to be very simple and understandable to every member of the organization. In this context Sanjiv elevate leaders into absolute level in the formulation and execution of strategy .He presents strategy as a plan that guides organization. Sanjivs stand point on is communicating strategy clearly and succinctly especially in declamatory organization. Strategy must be brief and clearly stated and reduced on onepiece of publisher. Sanjiv further illustrate that keeping the goals, the objectives in understanding the strategy has to be an inclusi ve role to play for everyone in an organization. Changing circumstances and on-going management efforts to improve the strategy ca hire a companys strategy to evolve over time, a condition that makes the task of crafting a strategy a work in progress and not onetime event. Stuart Grief also views strategy as an ongoing process to continuously strive to refine and ad nearment on yearly basis in state to keep up with the changing dynamics. Stuart seems owes a lot to the concept of Kaizen principles that states, involves every employee from upper management to the alter crew. Everyone is encouraged to come up with small improvement suggestions on a regular basis. Stuart elevates that strategy as dialogue, the open discussion and debates round specific topic makes more people buying into strategy. Strategy should inclusive of everyone in an organization so as to better understanding and execution. In a B301 course, (2014, p.22) states that a strategy must be stretched to include em ployees and organizational arrangements, becomes very virtually everything a company does or consist. Stuart describes strategy as something not durable, dont last forever Stand must be flexible strategy cannot be rigid and unchanging in their very nature. The process involves constant learning that leads to the growth of another strategy. It goes without dictum that practice makes perfect, therefore it applies to a continuous refinements of strategy over a stay of time. Every leader has plans that allow for flexibility in formations to adapt to reality. And this sums up that it is not leader or strategists who cause changes in the planning and execution but a reality. ConclusionBoth Sanjiv Ahuja and Stuart Grief imagination of strategy relates to Mintzberg five Ps plan of strategy. Mintzberg strategy views demonstrate that business or organizations are consciously planning course action and using guidelines to deal with present and succeeding(a) situation. PART TWO.CRITICAL AS SESMENT OF 5PS OF STRATEGIES OF MINTZBERG TO MAHINDRA MAHINDRA CASE STUDY STRATEGIC PLANStrategy is a plan sort of consciously intend course of action, a guidelines (or set of guidelines) to deal with a situation. (Mintzberg, H.(1996). By this definition strategies have two indispensable characteristics they are made in advance of the actions, to which they apply, and they are developed consciously and purposefully. Mahindra has been at the fore trend looking into the future and therefore provides an opportunity to influence the future, or assume a proactive posture. Mahindra strategic plan was to acquire existing firms that have already existing infrastructure and technology in place but need only direction. For usage, the purchasing of struggling and western firms allows Mahindra to gain competitive strategies and gaining market luck in specific market segment. Western firm can provide better technology as in most cases they incorporate into research and developments departm ents. The RD strategy would put Mahindra at the same level of technology advancement with western firms. Effective staffing and leadership provides moxie of direction and business continuity and this is seen how Mahindra headhunted Pawan Goenka, veteran of Detroit. Detroit utilize to be the centre and manufacturing hub for automotives in American history before global financial meltdown. The plan is to mint in every expert, ideas and technology into the system and provides standards of accountability for people, programs, and allocated resources. Diversification is seen as better strategic planning for Mahindra as this help them to control profitable niche markets such logistics and moving away from mass market for conventional cars whereby global giants car-making ( Chinese Great wall) are posing threats. Porter, (1985, p.376) comments that diversification strategy can seek to address any types of tangible interrelations offering the greatest impact on competitive advantage. St rategic planning is the key to helping organization collectively and cooperatively to gain control of the future and the destiny of the organization. Mahindra strategic plan for new pipeline designs for local market and countrified distribution net that will deter rival as competitive advantage. Porter, (1985, p.3) depicts firm grows fundamentally out of value is able to create for its buyers that exceeds the firms cost of creating the plan. STRATEGIC PLOYA specific maneuver intended to outwit an opponent or competitor. Here the strategy is the threat, not the expansion itself, and as such is a ply. In all finance-related activity, diversification means to become involved in arange of different activities or assets, with the goal of reducing exposure to any one particular guess. It is summed up by the saying of not putting all your eggs into one basket. In investing, diversification means stave offing the risk that a particular investment going ruggedly will have serious overal l consequences. In business, it covers the risk of being too reliant on one particular element of the market. In this case Mahindra Mahindra for example bought Satyam an It-service firm that seemed to lower its market stake but in the end boosted the combined value. Sponsoring of American Bull-riding tournaments seems to be another ploy of eliminating potential rivals. On the one hand the sponsorship creates brand awareness, constantly reminding people to buy Mahindra Tractors. Of course, if they ceased sponsoring such activities people would not immediately bull-riding but their sales would decline with time. Humans attention needs to be reminded, in large part due to being constantly exposed to so oftentimes information, so if Mahindra stopped being so present, someone would take their place and with time customers would not think of buying Mahindra tractor. Again Mahindra bought Ssangyong, an ailing South Korean firm in edict to boost its strawman in pickups trucks but face formidable competitors. Buying out an existing company can be a path to nonparasitic wealth, create new growth opportunities for Mahindra that seem to constantly looking for molding expansion. But company buyouts are complex and require considerable investment and attention to detail every step of the way. So to sum up, huge global brands remain highly active in strategic ploy in order to maintain their emplacement atop of the competition. Of course Mintzberg refers this, as strategy of contrast to outwit rivals in a competitive or bargaining situation. Suu Tzu, (2010, p. 10-11) narrates similar strategy by coincidence of minuteman, when faced the redcoats on the open battlefield of concord in the traditional frontal confrontation of the time, the minuteman lost. Then, the minuteman made a fundamental shift in their battle tactics and fired on redcoats from behind stones fences as they returned to Boston. This shift in tactics initiated a strategic turn in combat, as the new st rategy of skirmishing contributed to the success of the American Revolution. STRATEGIC PATTERNBut if strategies can be intended (whether as ecumenical plans or specificploys), surely they can also be realized. In other words, Mintzberg defining strategy as a plan is not sufficient we also need a definition that encompasses the resulting behavior. Thus a third definition is proposed strategy is a patternspecifically, a pattern in a stream of actions. By this definition, strategy is consistency in behavior, whether or not intended. Strategies, in other words, form as well as are formulated and so even good ones need not necessarily be conscious and purposeful. For example Mahindra has demonstrated the consistency of avoiding the risk of graft and cronyism as the order of business in India. Some Luck and good judgments on profitable ventures has steered them away from making bad investment such as Ford then opted to invest in its own SUV projects which became successful. Relationship among strategy and behavior is an intricate part of strategic pattern at Mahindra, the enthusiasm to be independent without depending on too much debt, the idea is to be creative in managing cost leadership and use of capital efficiently. Cost advantage gives Mahindra to conserve disposable return by consuming only about one-fifth of the groups underlying cash-flow. This is evident on their high returns and little debt since most Indian conglomerates are often financial quagmires. STRATEGIC POSITIONStrategy is a position specifically a means of locating an organization in an environment. By this definition strategy becomes the mediating force, or match, between organization and environment, that is, between the internal and the external context. But strategy as a position can extend beyond competition too, economic and otherwise. In this case study of Mahindra looks set to dominate Indias market for SUV market. Indian SUV market contributes 55% of operating profit and cash-flow. I ndeed this is niche market that needs to avoid competition. Like in military and game theories of strategy or better known as hostile competition where position becomes the sight of the battle, it is a matter of sustainability and survival of the fittest and avoids competition at cost. Mahindra affirms its strategic position as the world largest tractor firm by volume (India and Abroad). Mahindra moved in with speed and accuracy at hand of they have managed to be the 5th biggest Indian family group by sales ($16 Billion) and seventeenth largest Indian firm by market capitalization ($15 Billion). Sun Tzupoint out that end-to-end history, winning generals in battlefield developed disciplines and systems for moving faster than their opponents to occupy the strategic positions. Napoleons is one of the famous warrior in this category.STRATEGIC PESPECTIVEStrategy is a perspective its content consisting not just of a chosen position, but of an ingrained way of perceiving the world. Stra tegy in this respect is to the organization what genius is to the individual. What is of key importance is that strategy is a perspective shared by members of an organization, through their intentions and / or by their actions. In effect, strategy in this context, it is like entering the realm of the collective mind individuals united by common thinking and / or behavior. Mahindra developed the engineering culture thats suit the Indian market and its noted in the case study that rarely will you find Indian manufacturing success and Mahindra created its home technology can be regarded as shared perspective.CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF MINTZBERGS quintuple Ps FOR STRATEGYMintzberg five 5Ps of strategy plan, ploy, position and perspective are just representative of strategy and does not detail what process to follow. Strategy should consider tactics, and successful tactical implementation requires an appreciation of strategy. The word strategy is widely use in the world of business and use s different meanings for a different purpose. With reference to Mahindra Mahindra case study it does not make sense to applies the theory on each 5Ps of Mintzberg strategy explicitly. It might be understood that all five Ps can make sense together with some underlying internal and external environmental factors that specifically applies the automotive industry. Mintzbergs paper is data-free and therefore regarded as conceptual, and might not well been defined with supporting empirical base.Mintzberg data follows the resemblance of one size fits all and cannot be accepted in empirical study analysis. Strategy as plan needs a well-formulated objectives and purpose, referred to as strategic ambition ofthe firm. Strategy as ploy needs means of outperforming competition. Strategy as pattern needs to identify what strategic actions have been successful in the past that can be useful and lead to succeed in the future. Strategy as position means to be aware of what the unique sale proposi tion is and how it compares to competitors in term of positioning and market share. Strategy as perspective needs the development of an organizational culture that can open opportunities to reconsideration their processes, strategies, and innovative management practices. For instance, Mahindra Mahindra is not at sleep (Case study), is positioning the new SUV shams in pipeline and rural distribution network as strategic ploy in its category within the automotive industry. Mahindra Mahindra has used economies of scale, which has allowed them to reduce operating costs (1.9% of its market value) of research and development. CONCLUSIONThis model has gained adepts including managers prefer Mintzbergs model to a Porters framework for formulation of strategy for its holistic approach as Karl Moore states in his post about whose view of strategy is most relevant today, comparing Porter and Mintzberg. This strategy model allows manager to comprehend a strategy from a wide perspective that involves internal and external analysis and exploit organizations core and competencies with the dynamic business environment to achieve superior performanceREFERENCESB301 Module course, (2009) fashioning Sense of Strategy Reading 1 2. Open University. O Sullivan, T and Wright, A. (2009) B301 Module rush Introducing Strategy. Open University. Thompson Jr, A.A, Strickland, A.J and Gamble, J.E. (2007) Crafting and Executing Strategy The Quest for Competitive Advantage. 15th Edn. USA. McGraw- Hill Irwin. Michaelson, G.A and Michaelson, S. (2010) Tsu Tzu The blind of War for Managers. (2nd Edn). Massachusetts. Adams Media. Porter, M. (1985) Competitive Advantage Creating and sustaining superior performance. New York. Free Press.